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2009-06-02

Stocks and Commodities Markets Retro-inflation Revisited

Back in 2001-2002 I used the term “retroflation” in a series of newsletters and articles to describe what I saw as a battle between the forces of inflation and deflation. The Kress 30-year cycle had peaked in late 1999 and with it the 1990s bull market in stocks. The U.S. was in the throes of economic recession and tech stocks were in freefall. Yet the Kress cycles called for a major bottom in late 2002 with the 6-year/12-year cycle bottoming and the Fed was already beginning to aggressive cut interest rates, showing that it was serious about re-inflating the economy.
The long-term Kress cycles were obviously going to be a deflationary factor throughout the first decade of the 21st century. But the power of the Fed was too great to ignore and it was obvious the Fed wasn’t going to sit idly and watch the forces of Kress cycle deflation wreak havoc on the global economy and financial system. The Fed fought back furiously with the biggest credit bubble this nation has ever seen. This of course led to a wild speculative frenzy in the real estate and commodities markets as well as in stocks. But with the Fed being the Fed, it wasn’t long before they followed its long-standing policy of “leaning against the wind” and started tightening up on money and credit creation in 2004-2006. This led to the Credit Crisis and the 2007-2009 economic recession.

Now, as was true in 2001-2002, the Fed has seen fit to vigorously re-inflate the economy and the first effects of this were seen in the reversal of the gold and silver price in late 2008 and in other key commodity prices, such as copper, in early 2009. Joining the party in 2009 were the oil price and major grain prices. As one reflection of the re-inflation of commodity prices it is worth noticing that a leading indicator for the general commodities market, CME Group (CME), is showing a strong foundation for a longer-term recovery. Take a look at the 1-year daily chart shown below for an example of this. (Note: this is not an investment recommendation and is only being shown for illustration purposes).



Getting back to the concept of retroflation, what this term describes is the ongoing struggle between the long-term Kress cycles within the 120-year cycle series that are leaning heavily against the financial system and the united power of the world’s central banks in staving off these deflationary forces. The analogy I’ve always used to describe this battle is that of a rubber inflatable mattress that has developed a series of leaks, both internally and externally among the various chambers. You can patch the external leaks but the internal leaks are almost impossible to fix. The result of this patchwork is that when you try re-inflating the mattress, instead of the air distributing equally throughout the mattress it creates bulges on one side of the mattress. You can push this air out of the bulge but then it only becomes distributed to another side of the mattress, creating yet another bulge somewhere else. This crude analogy explains what we’ve seen in the past few years with the Fed’s reflationary efforts creating first a bubble in stocks, then real estate, then commodities.

You may remember that in the early phase of the previous cyclical market recovery in 2003 once the 6-year/12-year cycle had bottomed that stocks and commodities both benefited equally in the recovery rally that followed. This has once again proven to be the case in 2009 following last year’s 6-year cycle bottom as the S&P 500 Index has seen its biggest recovery rally since 1975. Some commodities have recovered even more and this is reflected to some extent in the CME chart shown above. We’re getting a bit ahead of ourselves in making this speculative statement but one can almost see the beginning of a repeat of the 2003-2007 experience which led to the financial woes the market experienced last year. In the 2003-2007 retroflation experience, the key industrial commodity prices soared, which led to a liquidation of America’s wealth to other countries, most notably in the Middle East. The oil price alone did untold damage to the U.S. consumer and isn’t given enough attention in the financial post-mortems so popular today (it’s much more popular to focus attention on the real estate bubble). It would be beyond the scope of this commentary to get into some of the reasons for the runaway oil price, none of which had to do with the popular “Peak Oil” theory, but involved aggressive hedge fund participation and artificial supply manipulation among heavyweights in the oil industry. Suffice it to say that the maximum damage was inflicted in those years of the runaway oil price until the economy could no longer bear it and collapsed under the strain.

As an aside, one recent example of the manipulation of supply can be seen among state-owned oil companies. In his Money Forecast Letter, Adrian Van Eck observed that these companies responded to last year’s dramatic price drop by routing oil tankers around the Cape of Good Hope instead of taking the usual route through the Suez Canal, adding days to their trips. According to Van Eck, tankers were also ordered to lower their speeds to make every effort at delaying ships of oil and gas to the ports. Refineries were also cut back and some wells were shut down as a false shortage was created. As Van Eck observes, “In the end, oil producers will win out. They have learned how to do so.”

In the year to date, both stocks and commodities have benefited from the reflationary efforts of the central banks. Leading industrial user China has shown remarkable recovery and its stock market is reflecting the market’s optimism for continued recovery in this new 6-year cycle. A reflection of China’s new cyclical bull market can be seen in the China ETF (FXI) shown here. (Note: this is not an investment recommendation and is only being shown for illustration purposes).



So the commodities arena is definitely heating up and it’s starting to look like commodities will once again outperform stocks in the economic recovery, as was the case in the 2003-2007 reflation. Assuming this is the destined outcome of the cyclical recovery, at some point we can probably expect to see more consumer inflation pressures, especially as reflected in retail food prices (which are already too high). An interesting parallel is provided by current Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke, who showed in his book on the Great Depression that retail food prices in the U.S. never fell in the early stage of the 1930s recession and didn’t decline appreciably until 1933-1936. This is precisely the second half of the Kress 6-year cycle of that part of the depression and also coincided with the final “hard down” phase of the 40-year cycle. If history repeats that means we likely won’t see retail food prices being pushed lower by the deflationary cycles until around 2011 (when the current 6-year cycle peaks) and through 2014 (when the 40-year cycle bottoms).

Worth noting is that the stock market also rose during the 1933-36 period while the 6-year cycle was in its ascending phase during the Depression. This gives us an historical basis of a continued stock market recovery this year (especially with the 10-year cycle still peaking) and of possibly spill-over strength in certain market sectors until 2011 when the last of the 6-year cycle, the last of the major Kress cycles in the 120-year series, peaks.

What are the thoughts of the insiders in the natural resource sector concerning the prospects for a natural resource recovery? Each week I speak to top executives with various natural resource companies, often printing the interviews for the benefit of subscribers to my Junior Mining Stock Report newsletter. Here is a sampling of what some of the top minds in U.S. and Canadian-based resource companies are saying right now.

Steve Altmann, President of ECU Silver Mining, thinks the recovery in silver price still has legs. “Internally,” he told me, “we think the opportunity for silver prices are going to be absolutely huge. Everybody recognizes is that silver has the same investment fundamentals as gold. However, what it does have unlike gold is its industrial application, that is silver is one of the best conductors on the planet.”

He further explained, “Silver applications are used everywhere and many people don’t realize the application of its use in our everyday life. For instance, it’s in our computers, TVs, wall switches, cell phones and several electronic instruments and it’s also making a large impact into the medical field in terms of its anti-bacterial nature. Silver has much stronger industrial applications than gold and as we come out of this economic crisis and turn into a robust economy we’ll be seeing a huge appetite for silver, particular when the silver Comex inventories are at historical lows. So we have a dynamic where we have silver performing like gold positively as an investment vehicle but more so down the road for its fundamental uses. This means the opportunities for the silver price to increase dramatically are all in place.”

Jon Slizza, V.P. Finance for Azteca Gold Corp. explains what the credit crisis has meant to mining companies and their production plans. He told me, “To my way of thinking, we are either heading toward a future of a ‘lost decade’ like Japan had where we’re suffering from disinflation, or a nasty bout of hyper-inflation. Governments around the world have responded to the credit crisis with the nuclear option in terms of monetary policies. I think that ultimately all the money printing will lead to currency devaluations that will look like wild inflation in the price of everything to the man on the street.

He adds, “Regardless of which future we are to suffer through, one thing is undeniable: these last six or nine months of turmoil has seen metals prices crater while at the same time capital and credit has disappeared. All kinds of projects around the world of all sorts, from energy to metals, have been either shelved, turned off or put off and the result will eventually show up as shortages in some of these critical elements which we use to build our societies. There is much infrastructure yet to be built on this planet, and much of what was built decades ago needs replacing. Bridges are falling, water mains are bursting, and much of the electrical grid is inefficient…at least here in the U.S.

He concludes, “If the ‘big money’ ever moves into precious metals to a significant degree, for example large pension funds increasing their allocations to commodities, gold and silver could really fly.”

When asked if he thinks the uranium price recovery can continue, Gregg Sedun, President and CEO of Uracan Resources, responded positively. “Yes, we’re very optimistic of a uranium price recovery and we think the fundamentals within the uranium business are tremendous. In so many different businesses and commodities you see the pendulum swinging in opposite directions. A year ago the markets were heavy and went to an extreme within six months or less last fall. With the uranium price it’s the same – it went too far up and has come too far down on this latest contraction. We’ve seen the bottom in our view and we see more experts project that price is the only thing that matters….Our view is that the long-term uranium price has a lot of upside.”

Gold Jumps Towards $1000 as US Dollar Sinks As Treasury Bonds Tumble

THE PRICE OF PHYSICAL GOLD jumped in US Dollars for the third session running early Monday in London, recording the best AM Gold Fix since Feb. 24th at $987 per ounce.

Stock markets also leapt worldwide – up more than 3.0% in Frankfurt – while commodities added to last month's 34-year record gains.
The US Dollar fell against all other currencies. Long-dated government bonds also fell, pushing interest rates higher.

"We believe in a Strong Dollar," said US Treasury secretary Tim Geithner to students at Peking University this weekend, "and we're going to make sure that we repair and reform the financial system so that we sustain confidence."

Geithner's speech was greeted with laughter according to the London Times.

"Chinese assets [held in Dollars] are very safe," he went on. "We're committed to bringing our fiscal deficits down over time to a sustainable level."

Today General Motors filed for bankruptcy protection, with $30 billion of government money ear-marked for restructuring the auto giant.

GM has already received $20 billion of tax-funded aid.

Economists at Barclays Capital in New York are meantime urging the US Federal Reserve to hike its "Quantitative Easing" of long-term interest rates, Reuters reports, creating three times its planned £300bn of new money to bid up government bonds and push longer-term yields lower.

The Treasury needs to sell a record $2 trillion in new US bonds this year to fund the shortfall between its spending and tax receipts.

"We see the $1000 level [in Gold] as the next obvious target from here," says the daily note from London market-makers Scotia Mocatta.

"The bullish picture for bullion is confirmed by the weekly candlesticks which have seen four consecutive up weeks for gold."

But it will be "interesting" to watch for "bouts of liquidation" in Gold Investment as the price approaches $1,000 says another London dealer.

"It is worth noting that speculators on Comex are now very long," says UBS analyst John Reade, quoted by Dow Jones, "and with no sign of strong inflows into the ETFs, the Dollar must weaken further for gold to make more ground."

Jumping 11% to the greatest level since July '08, the "net long" position in Gold Futures held by hedge funds and other large speculative players rose for the fifth week running in the week-to-last Tuesday.

Speculative gold buying on the futures market, however, remains one-seventh below the record peak hit in January last year, according to data from US regulator the CFTC.

"High returns don't tend to come from high quality assets – but wealth preservation does," says Charles Morris, manager of HSBC bank's $2-billion Absolute Return fund, speaking to Fund Strategy magazine.

His wealth management offering now holds a 10% allocation to gold.

"It's the highest quality asset of all. It's about permanence of long-term value. [Gold's] relative value through time is constant."

Monday morning saw the US Dollar fall through $1.42 per Euro for the first time in 2009.

The Euro gold price touched its best level in 5 weeks at €697 an ounce, but for Sterling investors now Ready to Buy Gold, the price fell as the Pound soared, dropping 0.8% from last week's close at £605 as the UK currency broke new 8-month highs above $1.64.

When the Pound traded at $1.64 in Jan. 2000, the UK Gold Price stood at £175 an ounce. It rose to £220 when Sterling next reached that level in Jan. 2003, and rose further to £230 an ounce, £475 and now above £600 as GBP/USD crossed that price again.

"We do not believe the IMF Gold Sales, should they occur, will harm Gold Prices," said HSBC analyst James Steel last Friday, referring to the possible approval of a 400-tonne sale by the International Monetary Fund.

The United States retains a 17% controlling vote in the IMF. Congressional approval may be sought this week.

Dollar-price gains were meantime also strong Monday morning across the commodities market, with copper breaking above $5,000 per tonne and crude oil adding 2.4% to $67.85 per barrel.

Russia's RTS stock market jumped almost 6%, while the Polish Zloty added nearly 2% vs. the Euro on the currency markets on news that Poland's industrial output shrank at a slower pace in May from April.

Operating profits at Australian corporations fell 7.2% in the first quarter from the end of 2008, new data showed, while cash earning for Japanese workers shrank 2.5% month-on-month in April.

Eurozone manufacturing sentiment improved in May on the PMI index, and rose sharply in the UK.

China's manufacturers reported the third month running of increased output.

U.S. Bond Market Vigilantes Demand Higher Interest Rates

Martin here with a quick note to give you a unique perspective on what’s happening right now.

For many months, we’ve warned that Washington does NOT have a blank check to fight this crisis; there’s a limit to how much Washington can borrow and spend without serious consequences.

Now, we’re seeing those consequences: The bond market is collapsing. Gold is going through the roof. Even oil and other commodities are starting to follow.

Plus, now, we can see that others — beyond just ourselves — are finally beginning to recognize that the government’s power to stem this crisis is far less than previously believed.

Consider this editorial in Thursday’s Wall Street Journal:

“The Bond Vigilantes”

“They’re back. We refer to the global investors once known as the bond vigilantes, who demanded higher Treasury bond yields from the late 1970s through the 1990s whenever inflation fears popped up, and as a result disciplined U.S. policy makers.

“The vigilantes vanished earlier this decade amid the credit mania, but they appear to be returning with a vengeance now that Congress and the Federal Reserve have flooded the world with dollars to beat the recession.

“Treasury yields leapt again yesterday at the long end, with the 10-year note climbing above 3.7%, its highest close since November. … Investors are now calculating the risks of renewed dollar inflation.

“They have cause to be worried, given Washington’s astonishing bet on fiscal and monetary reflation. The Obama Administration’s epic spending spree means the Treasury will have to float trillions of dollars in new debt in the next two or three years alone.

“Meanwhile, the Fed has gone beyond cutting rates to directly purchasing such financial assets as mortgage-backed securities, as well as directly monetizing federal debt by buying Treasurys for the first time in half a century.

“No wonder the Chinese and other dollar asset holders are nervous. They wonder — as do we — whether the unspoken Beltway strategy is to pay off this debt by inflating away its value.

“The surge in the 10-year note is especially notable because its rate helps to determine mortgage lending rates. The Fed is desperate to keep mortgage rates low to reflate the housing market, and last week it promised to inject hundreds of billions of dollars more in this effort. This week the bond vigilantes are showing what they think of that offer, bidding up yields even higher.

“It’s not going too far to say we are watching a showdown between Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke and bond investors, otherwise known as the financial markets. When in doubt, bet on the markets.”

The Market’s Revenge

This is the market’s revenge I’ve been talking about, and it’s powerful.

If you’re on its wrong side, you could be vulnerable to disastrous losses. If you’re on its right side, you could be successful beyond your dreams.

Stay tuned. I’ll give you more details tomorrow morning.

Good luck and God bless!

Russia to be Hit by Inevitable Second Wave of Banking Crisis

A number of economists are seriously concerned with the second wave of the bank crisis. According to the forecast from ACB’s head, the share of overdues in credit organizations will soar up to 20 percent by the year end. However, today’s banking statistics proves the opposite: the level of overdue indebtedness is declining and the level of deposits influx is rising day by day. Where will that second wave come from?

Positive statistics in the Russian banking sector issued today discords with grim forecast about the second wave of the banking crisis. General Director of the Deposit Insurance Agency (ACB) Alexander Turbanov, stated last Friday that the overdue indebtedness of Russian banks may grow up to 20 percent by the end of the year.

It is not for the first time that the ACB head is scaring us with the growth of the “bad assets”. Earlier he noted that the critical level of banking indebtedness growth was evaluated on the level of 10-15 percent. His expectations look truthful but he current statistics proves different.

Alexei Simanovski, a senior spokesman for Russia ’s Central Bank, said that the level of overdue indebtedness in the Russian banking system together with Sberbank made up 3.77 percent as of May 1. In his words, the overdue credit gained 12 percent within one month. “Dynamics is no worse than the average for previous months though the growth rates are high”, he says.

A report from Russia’s Central Bank over three months said that overdue credits increased by 52.3 percent in 2009.

Earlier Simanovski informed that the overdue on the corporate and retail credits of Russian banks (without Sberbank) totaled four percent as of May 1. The share of the overdue indebtedness is smaller taking Sberbank into consideration.

In accordance with the data from Russia ’s Central Bank as of April 1, the overdue indebtedness in the joint credit portfolio for all Russian banks was 3.1 percent retail credits – 4.7 percent.

The amount of household deposits during four months of 2009 increased by 6.6 percent in nominal terms, Central Bank’s Gennady Melikjan said at a news conference. He added that the April growth was 1.6 percent.

Melikjan reminded that four months of the previous year saw a 6.2-peercent increase in household deposits by 6,2% in nominal terms. “This is the only index showing an increase”, he said.

The share of foreign currency deposits in the overall amount of household deposits was 31.5 percent (as of May1) and after one month it dwindled – the index was 32,9% as of April 1.

The first quarter showed an increase of ruble and foreign currency private deposits - by 4.9 percent and made up (as of April1) 6 trillion 197.3 billion rubles. At the same time the cash outflow in March made up 0.3 percent. In April, ruble deposits were twice as large as those made in foreign currency.

Oksana Sergienko, Deputy Finance Minister said that it would be possible to escape the second wave of the banking crisis due to debt restructuring. “The problem of “bad debts” might look less acute than it was assumed earlier”, she added.

Nevertheless, experts fail to believe in the bright future. Analysts from Kalita-Finance are certain that present improvements are short-lived and mostly local. “We should understand that the amount of problematic loans continues to grow though not so fast as in the beginning of the year,” an expert said.

In addition, many specialists draw attention to the fact that banks may often underestimate the real amount of overdue indebtedness.

China Forced to Support U.S. Dollar to Defend $2 trillion Currency Reserves

China is uncomfortable about being the principal creditor of the United States. Asia’s largest nation became the hostage of the US economy in the 21st century. The reserves of the People’s Republic of China are based on dollar assets - $2 trillion. US Treasury Bonds make $700 billion of the amount. China is forced to continue crediting the budget deficit of the United States not to let these reserves go down in value.

However, China has been taking measures to overcome its dollar dependence. The head of the Chinese Central Bank put forward a suggestion in March of the current year to replace the dollar, as the international reserve currency, with the basket of currencies, which would be determined by the International Reserve Fund.

The most ambitious project is this direction is to grant the Chinese yuan the status of the reserve currency. Western observers were quite skeptic about such an idea. China would have to turn the yuan into a convertible currency, the rate of which would be determined by the market.

The idea to make the yuan a convertible currency appeared during the 1990s, but it never became a reality because of the economic crisis of 1997.

China’s financial steps of the recent two months convinced Western experts of the nation’s intention to make the yuan become a hard currency, which could be converted into other currencies freely.

Last year, Beijing finished negotiations on establishing mutual settlements in national currencies with Argentina, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea and several other countries. Technically, China will not need US dollars in commercial activities with those countries. China’s turnover with the above-mentioned states totals $95 billion. For comparison, China’s trading volume with the USA made up $333 billion in 2008.

The yuan will have to obtain liquidity and yuan-denominated bonds to be recognized as a strong currency in the world. For the time being, the yuan-denominated securities can be purchased and sold only in China.

HSBC Holding and the Bank of East Asia announced last week that they would become the first foreign banks to sell Chinese bonds.

The Chinese administration plans to take the yuan to the level of a serious reserve currency by 2020. The timeline coincides with the plans to create an international financial center in Shanghai, just like London or New York.

Nevertheless, China will have to continue buying US Treasury Bonds before the yuan becomes a full-fledged reserve currency. Like other dollar-dependant countries (Japan, Arab states), China will have to do its best to postpone the decline of the dollar.